29 March 2016

0148 | Photo | 1. Gebirgs-Division



Operation "Black". Members of one of the most brutal units of the German Army – the 1st Mountain Division, somewhere on Durmitor, with a group of Montenegrin civilians (probably a family). As can be seen, they used one of them (second person from the left) as an ammunition carrier (temporary use of adult male civilians for such purposes was common). It was usually written that the photograph shows civilians being taken to be shot, even though nothing in it leads to such a conclusion – and that the soldiers are members of the "Prinz Eugen" Division, although none of them is wearing an SS uniform. However, actual testimonies of crimes committed by the 1st Mountain Division (and by the opponent) during Operation "Black" do exist; one of them was left by Adrian Deuring from the 13th Company, 98th Regiment, in his diary (a quote from the book "Bloodstained Edelweiss" by H. F. Meyer): "[21 May.] The company shock troop found 17 dead soldiers, all naked. Captured and killed by the Partisans, and robbed to the skin. [13 June.] Location unknown, all houses torched, anything that moved was killed, all cattle taken, Sergeant Major M[...] cold-bloodedly shot several wounded Partisans." (After the war, both the Germans and the Partisans claimed that they always treated prisoners according to the rules, while the opponent shot them on the spot.)

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: unknown.
Date: June 1943.
Location: unknown, Yugoslavia.
Original caption: unknown.

File source: Muzej istorije Jugoslavije / Znaci, 9034.

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Operacija "Crno". Pripadnici jedne od najsurovijih jedinica nemačke vojske – 1. brdske divizije, negde na Durmitoru, sa grupom crnogorskih civila (verovatno porodicom). Kao što se vidi, jednog od njih (druga osoba sleva) iskoristili su kao nosača municije (privremeno korišćenje odraslih muških civila u slične svrhe bilo je uobičajeno). Za ovu fotografiju je uglavnom pisano da prikazuje odvođenje civila na streljanje, iako ništa na njoj ne upućuje na takav zaključak – a da su vojnici pripadnici divizije "Princ Ojgen", iako niko od njih ne nosi SS-uniformu. Međutim, postoje i prava svedočanstva o zločinima 1. brdske divizije (a i protivničkim) za vreme operacije "Crno"; jedno od njih je ostavio i Adrijan Dojring iz 13. čete 98. puka, u svom dnevniku (citat iz knjige "Krvavi runolist" H. F. Majera): "[21. maj.] Udarna jedinica čete je pronašla 17 mrtvih vojnika, sve gole. Zarobljeni i pobijeni od strane partizana, i opljačkani do gole kože. [13. jun.] Mesto nepoznato, sve kuće popaljene, sve što se kretalo je pobijeno, sva stoka odvedena, narednik-vodnik M[...] hladnokrvno je ubio više ranjenih partizana." (Posle rata su i Nemci i partizani tvrdili da su sa zarobljenicima uvek postupali po pravilima, dok ih je protivnik na licu mesta ubijao.)

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: nepoznat.
Datum: jun 1943.
Mesto: nepoznato, Jugoslavija.
Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvor fajla: Muzej istorije Jugoslavije / Znaci, 9034.

NIJE DOZVOLJENO: uklanjanje naziva izvora sa fajlova – korišćenje teksta bez navođenja izvornog autora – korišćenje fajlova i informacija u političko-propagandne i komercijalne svrhe.